基于多系统交互的火灾调查一体化平台

分析现有消防监督管理系统中火灾调查模块存在的不足,结合消防监督系统火调模块使用情况以及火灾调查形势任务提出了基于多系统交互的火灾调查一体化平台建设思路。总结火灾调查一体化平台建设原则及目标,介绍平台总体架构、应用架构和数据架构,及平台上的各个子系统,如案件办理系统、现场笔录系统、物证系统等。     

一起行驶中汽车火灾事故原因认定与分析

介绍一起行驶中汽车火灾事故原因调查过程。通过对火灾现场勘查、调查走访和物证鉴定等方式综合分析火灾蔓延过程和起火原因,排除电气故障、雷击、自燃、人为放火等引发火灾的可能性,对火灾原因进行分析,同证人证言构成完整的证据链,得出起火原因为发动机舱输油管泄漏遇电火花起火。通过此次火灾调查,总结事故原因和调查体会。     

基于电压电荷法的静电放电能量检测方法

传统的静电放电能量检测方法多依赖于经验公式,方法简单,计算误差较大。根据电压电荷法计算静电放电能量的原理,设计并搭建了实验系统,开发了基于MATLAB APP Designer的静电放电能量计算软件,并结合静电火灾事故调查实例验证其的科学性,为静电事故的预防与调查提供技术手段。     

张家峁矿构建双重预防机制的实践

为了将风险控制在隐患形成之前、把隐患消灭在事故前面,以风险管控为核心,通过“基于风险”的PDCA全方位安全管理模式,构建了风险分级管控和隐患排查治理双重预防机制。以张家峁煤矿建立煤矿企业安全生产的长效机制为例,结合该矿在构建双重预防性工作机制方面的创新做法,分析了双重预防性工作机制的形成背景、建设过程及实施方法。分析认为,完善安全生产管理理论体系,能有效预防和遏制重特大事故的发生,对企业安全生产管理起到积极的推动作用。     

基于煤矿职工“三违”情况的调查分析及对策研究

"三违"行为是导致煤矿生产安全事故发生的主要因素,本文在对企业及工人等各个方面开展调查的基础上,分析煤矿企业"三违"现状、产生原因,提出反"三违"的措施建议,可指导煤矿规范操作行为,有效防范事故发生。     

Experimental investigation and thermodynamic modeling of the Fe−Si−Zr system

The Fe−Si−Zr alloys have attracted considerable interests in recent decades. It is important to study this ternary phase diagram for experimental design. In this paper, the Fe−Si−Zr ternary system is investigated by combining the experiments and thermodynamic calculations. Liquidus surface projection of the Fe−Si−Zr system is characterised using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). The liquidus projection of this ternary system is constructed by identifying primary crystallization phases and invariant reaction temperatures in the as-cast alloys. Eleven different primary solidification regions are observed. Based on the experimental results of this work and the data from the previous work in the literature, the thermodynamic calculation of the Fe−Si−Zr system is performed using CALPHAD (CALculation of PHAse Diagrams) technique. A set of self-consistent thermodynamic parameters of the Fe−Si−Zr system is obtained. The calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data. This study provides a set of reliable thermodynamic parameters to the Fe-based thermodynamic database, and a cost-effective tool to design experiments and manufacturing processes.     

The benefits of integrated eye tracking with airborne image recorders in the flight deck: A rejected landing case study

Aircraft accident investigation has played a pivotal role in improving the safety of aviation. Advances in recorder technology, specifically Cockpit Voice Recorders (CVRs) and Flight Data Recorders (FDR) have made a huge contribution to the understanding of occurrences for accident investigators. However, even these recorders have limitations such as the evidence they provide about pilots' situation awareness or behaviours. Supplementing audio and data recordings with video has been discussed for many years and whilst there continues to be debate among regulators, operators, manufacturers and pilot unions, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) has mandated Airborne Image Recorders (AIR) from 2023. The purpose of installing such systems is to provide evidence of crew operational behaviours in terms of both human-human and human-computer interactions (HCI) on the flight deck. Video alone is unlikely to provide sufficient evidence for investigators. This study examines the additional value that eye-tracking technology may provide through the case study of an accident involving an Airbus A330-300 aircraft which experienced a rejected landing. Currently, the investigation of such events, where crew interaction with automation is critical to their situation awareness, relies heavily on interview data. Such data may be unavailable (in the case of serious injury) or unreliable (based on hindsight bias). By integrating eye tracking technology into an AIR, accident investigators will potentially gain a better understanding of pilots’ visual scan patterns across flight deck instrumentation. This has implications for flight deck and procedural design as well as training and simulation.     

基于多源数据的矿山边坡滑坡成因分析

针对某露天矿开采过程中边坡滑坡问题，采用无人机倾斜摄影测量与工程勘察联合调查的方式，基于多源数据对边坡滑坡的基本前兆特征及地质特征进行分析判断。结果表明，边坡滑坡的根本原因是开采形成高陡边坡后，边坡不良岩土体在应力重分布过程中向临空面方向产生塑性挤压变形，导致上覆岩层产生陡倾张裂隙；边坡滑坡变形的模式以蠕滑 拉裂的变形模式（表层蠕滑 后缘拉裂 潜在剪切面剪切）为主，破坏形式以滑塌为主；边坡潜在滑移面将在极软 软弱岩土层中发育；结合灰岩的分布特征判断，如边坡发生最终破坏，将以中浅层滑坡为主，滑动带深度多在20 m以内，滑坡后缘在新老裂缝发育区，剪出口位于+250 m平台以上。结果为边坡稳定性控制工作提供了理论依据。     

中美煤矿事故调查报告的对比研究

为找出中美煤矿事故调查报告的异同,给我国事故调查报告的编写提供具体建议,以中美两国正式发布的事故调查报告为研究基础,系统调研事故调查相关文献,对事故调查报告编写依据进行分析,并以中国金山沟煤矿"10·30"特别重大瓦斯爆炸事故和美国Upper Big Branch煤矿事故调查报告为例,从报告的结构内容和原因2方面进行具体分析。结果表明,中国应该出台统一的煤矿事故调查报告编写标准,实现事故调查报告标准化;美国事故调查报告不包含责任追究部分,原因分析部分所占篇幅多;美国事故调查进行原因分析时与中国所站角度不同,美国仅对事故单位进行分析,中国除此外还分析相关单位问题。     

自动矿物学：Ⅰ. 技术进展与应用

近年来，“自动矿物学”（或“定量矿物学”）的概念和相关技术得到了显著的发展和广泛的应用，使矿物学研究，尤其是工艺矿物学研究从人工测试走向自动化测试、从定性研究走向定量研究。本文评述了自动矿物学的技术进展与应用，主要包括：①矿物分析技术发展阶段；②自动矿物学技术国际研究进展与国内研究现状；③自动矿物学的应用领域及发展趋势。在此基础上，总结了基于扫描电镜的自动矿物学技术的基本原理以及选矿产品环氧树脂抛光片制备过程中需要注意的一些问题。以期为固体地球科学研究和矿产资源开发利用过程中遇到的一些瓶颈问题提供新的研究途径和新的思路。